Which mineral is critical for thyroid function?

Iodine is critical for thyroid function because it is an essential component of thyroid hormones, specifically thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones play a vital role in regulating metabolism, growth, and development throughout the body. The thyroid gland uses iodine, which is absorbed from the diet, to synthesize these hormones. Without adequate iodine intake, the production of T3 and T4 is compromised, leading to various health issues such as goiter (enlarged thyroid) and hypothyroidism.

In contrast, while iron, calcium, and zinc are important minerals for health, they do not have the same direct role in thyroid hormone synthesis. Iron is critical for hemoglobin formation and energy metabolism, calcium is essential for bone health and muscle function, and zinc supports numerous enzymatic reactions and immune function. However, they do not specifically influence thyroid hormone production like iodine does.